COMPUTER NETWORK | TOPIC 6 | ROUTING PROTOCOLS

1.     Research routing protocols and write a brief report that explains the difference between Interior Gateway Protocols and Exterior Gateway Protocols. Describe the protocols used.

ROUTING PROTOCOLS

Three basic functions:

1.       Discovery – identify other routers on the network

2.       Route Management – Keep track of all the possible destinations along with some data describing the pathway of each

3.       Path determination – make dynamic decisions for where to send each network message.

A)     INTERIOR GATEWAY PROTOCOLS – A Routing Protocol which is used to find network path information within an Autonomous System.

EX: RIP, IGRP, OSPF IS-IS

B)      EXTERIOR GATEWAY PROTOCOLS – A Routing Protocol which is used to find network path information between different Autonomous Systems.

EX: BGP

               

Autonomous Systems – a unit of router policy. A single or a group of networks that is controlled by a common network administrator.

NETWORK ROUTING PROTOCOLS:

1.       RIP – Routing Information Protocol

·         For small or medium sized internal networks. Capable of routing messages across networks up to maximum of 15 hops

·         Traditional RIP supported only IPv4 but newer RIPng standard also supports IPv6.

·         Utilizes either UDP ports 520 or 521 (RIPng) for its communication.

2.       OSPF – Open Shortest Path First

·         An open public standard with widespread adoption across many industry vendors.

·         The 15 hop count restriction.

*HOP – Each time packets are passed to the next network device, a hop occurs

3.       IGRP – Internet Gateway Routing Protocol

·         An alternative to RIP

4.       EIGRP – Enhanced (IGRP)

·         Supports classless IP subnets and improves efficiency of the routing algorithms

5.       IS – IS – Intermediate System to Intermediate System

·         Protocol functions similarly to OSPF

·         More easily adaptable

6.       BGP – Border Gateway Protocol

·         Detects modifications to routing tables and selectively communications

REFERENCE

Top 5 network routing protocols demystified

Lifewire. (2017). Top 5 network routing protocols demystified. [online] Available at: https://www.lifewire.com/top-network-routing-protocols-explained-817965 [Accessed 5 Jun. 2017].

Difference between Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)

Difference between Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP). (2017). Omnisecu.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017, from http://www.omnisecu.com/cisco-certified-network-associate-ccna/difference-between-igp-and-egp.php